ETNOGRAFI PERUBAHAN KEHIDUPAN NELAYAN TRADISIONAL DI KELURAHAN AEK HABIL KECAMATAN SIBOLGA SELATAN: UPAYA MEMPERKUAT PENCAPAIAN SDGS DARI PERSPEKTIF MASYARAKAT PESISIR

Abstrak

This research aims to describe in depth the evolution experienced by the traditional fishing community in Aek Habil Village, South Sibolga Regency, and relate it to efforts aimed at promoting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from the perspective of coastal communities. This study uses an ethnographic approach, with the researcher acting as the main tool. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, with an emphasis on the social, economic, and cultural dimensions of the fishing community. Qualitative data analysis involved a process of reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions to understand the essence of the transformation that occurred. The results of the study show that the fishing community in Aek Habil Village has undergone significant changes in economic, social, and cultural aspects due to advances in fishing technology, local government policies, and coastal environmental issues. The transition from conventional fishing methods to more sophisticated methods has positively increased productivity, but has not fully improved welfare due to unequal access to capital, education, and supporting infrastructure. Simultaneously, various social adaptations have emerged, including the formation of fishing groups, strengthened community cohesion, and expanded domestic work. This study emphasizes that effectively realizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in coastal areas requires a community-driven development approach based on local knowledge and strong community participation. These findings provide empirical insights for designing sustainable development policies, particularly in relation to Goal 1 (No Poverty), Goal 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and Goal 14 (Life Below Water).