MEDIA REPORTING OF THE POLITICAL CONFLICT IN THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY (Teun A. van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis on JPNN.com News)

A BSTRACT . This study aims to analyze the online media coverage of JPNN.com on the political struggle within the Democratic Party related to the coup issue of the leadership of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY). This study wants to explain the alignment of the online media JPNN.com towards one of the camps that are fighting for the highest power in the Democratic Party, namely the Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono camp and the Moeldoko camp. This study uses the concepts of political communication, mass media, online media, critical discourse analysis and critical discourse analysis of the Teun A. Van Dijk model in the context of Broadcasting and New Media. This study uses a critical paradigm with descriptive qualitative research methods. The data analysis method used is the critical discourse analysis of Teun A. Van Dijk. The data sources used are primary and secondary data sources, where the primary data sources come from news articles published by the online media JPNN.com related to the issue of the Democratic Party coup. Meanwhile, secondary data sources come from literature (books, journals, theses and data sources from the internet). After the research was conducted, it was found that the online media JPNN.com has a tendency to bring down the figure of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY) regarding the issue of the Democratic Party coup. This can be explained through the analysis of Teun A. van Dijk's critical discourse that has been carried out on the contents of the online media JPNN.com related to political battles within the Democratic Party.


INTRODUCTION
In Indonesia, the issue of the Democratic Party's coup is being hotly discussed.The beginning of the conflict occurred in early February 2021, where the General Chair of the Democratic Party Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY) through a press conference at the Democratic Party DPP gave a statement that his party would be 'coupled' by a number of people, both internal and external to the party (Guritno, 2021).Parties from the internal Democratic Party who were suspected of being involved in the coup issue were later dismissed.The names of the cadres in question include Jhoni Allen Marbun, Marzuki Alie, Darmizal, Yus Sudarso, Ahmad Yahya, Tri Yulianto and Syofwatillah Mohzaib.In addition, AHY also sent a letter to President Joko Widodo because it was suspected that one of the external figures who became the motor of the Democratic Party's coup attempt came from an insider, namely Moeldoko who served as Head of the Presidential Staff Office (Aditya, 2021).Then, on March 5, 2021, some party members held an Extraordinary Congress (KLB) in Deli Serdang.The purpose of the Extraordinary Congress (KLB) was not only to change the AD/ART, but also to elect Moeldoko as the new general chairman (Putri, 2021).The Democratic Party coup conflict continued with the political safari movement of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY) to gain support because it could not thwart the KLB (Mustakim, 2021).A number of state institutions were visited, such as the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, the General Elections Commission (KPU) and the Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal and Security Affairs to confirm that he was the legitimate chairman of the Democratic Party.According to several political observers, the conflict that occurred in the Democratic Party was an internal party problem, where the cadres felt disappointed, dissatisfied and doubted the leadership of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY).The figure of AHY is still considered too early to be the general chairman of the Democratic Party, resulting in a crisis of legitimacy within the party.
Mass media is a necessity in the modern world of politics which is used as much as possible by every political power to carry out its political purposes (Hamad, 2004).The mass media also use discourse analysis to develop studies of political discourse.The theoretical framework that underlies the discussion of political discourse is the political awareness of the community.In addition, discourse analysis also has a very close relationship with the use of language, where discourse analysis recognizes three points of view on language.First, language as a description of sentence rules, language and shared understanding, measures truth/untruth based on syntax and semantics.Second, discourse analysis is used to uncover certain intentions and meanings.Third, discourse analysis is used to uncover the power that exists in every language process or what is known as critical discourse analysis because it uses a critical perspective (Eriyanto, 2011).Critical discourse analysis recognizes several approaches, one of which is the social cognition approach or critical discourse analysis by Teun A. van Dijk.According to Van Dijk, the sociohistorical aspect that covers the structure of the text is more emphasized on critical discourse analysis.Therefore, knowing the text that covers sociocultural aspects, including understanding various matters concerning the organizational structure and the workings of producing texts is the purpose of the analysis of this model.
Based on the description above, the role of mass media (online) becomes very central in the political communication process because it acts as a channel to convey messages.Therefore, the content of news coverage in the mass media must be analyzed more deeply to dissect the structure in the text (message) conveyed by political communicators to the communicant (broad audience).In this study, the mass media (online) that will be analyzed for news content related to the issue of the Democratic Party coup is JPNN.com.The reason for analyzing the contents of the JPNN.comnews related to the issue of the Democratic Party coup was because it was found that several tendencies of the online media to bring down the AHY figure through the contents of the news.There are many allegations, the policy of reporting on the online media JPNN.com is directly or indirectly influenced by the figure of Dahlan Iskan, a figure who was previously very closely related to the Democratic Party.
Based on the background of the problems above, the formulation of the problem in this study is how to analyze the critical discourse of Teun A. van Dijk behind the online media coverage of JPNN.com on the political struggle within the Democratic Party?The purpose of this study is to analyze behind the online media coverage of JPNN.com on the political struggle within the Democratic Party using the critical discourse analysis method of Teun A. van Dijk.Mass media develops along with the development of technology and the internet.Connectivity processes on a larger scale can be facilitated through technology.Mass media is a tool used to present the process quickly and without limits (Straubhaar et al., 2009).
According to Van Dijk, discourse analysis has a systematic and descriptive theoretical objective, namely the structure and written oral discourse by viewing objects as textual forms and socio-cultural practices between actions and relationships.The text under study does not only look at the text because the text is the result of production practices that need to be observed.Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model is also known as social cognition which adopts a field approach of social psychology.According to Van Dijk, discourse can be categorized as fulfilled if there are three dimensions, including text, social cognition and context.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This research uses a critical paradigm, where this type of paradigm has different characteristics from traditional philosophical and sociological thinking.The critical paradigm approach is neither contemplative nor purely speculative (Moleong, 2004).Critical theory wants to dismantle existing ideologies, not only considering, reflecting and organizing social reality.The approach method used in this research is a qualitative approach method.The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative.This study uses two data sources, namely primary and secondary data sources.The primary data source in this study is news on the online media JPNN.com.The reason for choosing this topic is because until now the topic is still actual and there are many interesting conflicts to study.The secondary data sources used in this study were based on the literature.The literature used is books, journals, theses and data sources from the internet related to the object of research.The data collection technique used in this research is documentation technique.This research uses the critical discourse analysis method of the Teun A. van Dijk model.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
News portal JPNN.com is a subsidiary of Jawa Pos Multimedia Group, a media company that was once led by Dahlan Iskan.Jawa Pos Group itself has a very long history.The beginning of the establishment of this company on July 1, 1949 by carrying the name Java Pos, then changed to Djawa Pos, and in the end returned to Jawa Pos.The establishment of the online media JPNN.comcannot be separated from the figure of Dahlan Iskan.In addition to being the CEO of the Jawa Pos newspaper and the Jawa Pos Group, Dahlan Iskan has also served as the President Director of PLN as of December 23, 2009.Dahlan Iskan's brilliant career with PLN, then President SBY appointed him Minister of BUMN.
Dahlan Iskan predicted that many people would run as a presidential candidate in the 2014 presidential election thanks to his increasing popularity.And in 2013, Dahlan ran at the Democratic Party presidential candidate convention.However, this effort failed due to inadequate legislative votes so that the Democratic Party could not nominate a presidential candidate.On June 5, 2015, Dahlan Iskan was named a suspect by the DKI Jakarta High Court in the corruption case in the construction of 21 power substations in Java, Bali and West Nusa Tenggara.In this case, Dahlan Iskan was questioned as a witness and then his status was increased to a suspect.This substation project is worth Rp 1.063 trillion.This crime has cost the state Rp.33.2 billion.Apart from Dahlan Iskan, the DKI Jakarta High Prosecutor's Office has announced 15 other suspects related to the case.To account for this problem, Dahlan Iskan made a clarification through the gardudahlan.comwebsite.The suspect's status was finally revoked after Dahlan won the pre-trial process.
The following is an example of an analysis of News I, entitled "The AHY Coup Issue: Democrats Amble, Moeldoko Wins a Lot of Popularity" which was published on February 5, 2021 by the online media JPNN.com:

Microstructure Analysis
The microstructure dimension focuses on the emphasis on a meaning such as the meaning in a text, sentences and word choice and language style.All are summarized in semantics, syntax, stylistics and rhetoric with elements.

Semantics a) Background
The first part in semantics is the background that affects the news you want to present.Submission of background aims as a justification in a text.The following is the background data in the second paragraph.
"There are two phenomena that have arisen regarding what AHY said about the coup," said Head of the Jabodetabek Da'wah National Secretariat Ustaz H. Rizal Maulana, in his statement, Friday (5/2).
The background data above Ustaz H. Rizal as the Chair of the Jabodetabek Da'wah National Secretariat wants to explain about two phenomena that have arisen related to what AHY said about the coup.Background data has an effect on the content of the news presented in the following points.The background data is used as a justification.

b) Details
After the background, the next section to be analyzed is the detail section.Detail is a discourse presented by someone who is closely related to information control.Journalists/writers want to convey a complete situation/event to the reader.The following is the detailed data in the fourth paragraph.

The accusation given to the Presidential Chief of Staff (KSP) Moeldoko, was a kind of 'free promotion'. Because it is said that the coup was carried out to support his candidacy as a presidential candidate in 2024.
The detailed data above explains Ustaz H. Rizal's statement regarding the accusations directed at the Presidential Chief of Staff (KSP) Moeldoko regarding the issue of the coup plan for AHY's leadership to be a 'free promotion' as a presidential candidate for 2024.The detailed data indicates that Moeldoko's benefits are free of charge.through his accusations related to the issue of AHY's leadership coup plan as the General Chair of the Democratic Party.

Syntax a) Sentence Form
Sentence form elements can be used as the basis for determining the subject implicitly or explicitly in a sentence text.The use of active sentences in writing can mean that the journalist/writer really wants to reveal the subject that conveys the statement.Meanwhile, passive sentences tend to omit the subject so that the statement conveyed by the subject is most likely the conclusion of the journalist/writer himself.The sentence form element discusses the passive and active forms of the sentence.
1.There are two phenomena that arise regarding what AHY said about the coup.
Data ( 1) is an element of the passive voice.The use of passive sentences tends to omit the statement giver (subject) so that the statement submitted has the possibility of being a conclusion from the journalist himself.Based on the sentence structure, there are two phenomena that appear as objects of conversation, conveyed as a verb and AHY as an actor.From this data, what we want to convey are two phenomena that have arisen related to the statement made by AHY about the coup.
2. A number of founders and former administrators of PD have expressed their support for Moeldoko to become the chairman of the DPP PD, even the presidential candidate for 2024.Data (2) is an element of active sentence form.The use of active sentences in writing can mean that the journalist/news writer clearly wants to reveal who (the subject) is giving the statement.Based on the sentence structure, the position of a number of founders and former administrators of PD is as a subject and states as a verb.From this data, it is explained that Moeldoko has received support from a number of founders and former administrators of the Democratic Party to become the General Chair of the Democratic Party DPP and even the presidential candidate in 2024.After being analyzed, the elements of sentence form in the news content are elements of passive and active sentences.

b) Pronoun
Elements of pronouns are terms used to manipulate the language adopted by speakers by creating an imaginative communication that serves to show one's position in discourse.The emphasis of pronouns in the text is intended to emphasize the attitude of journalists/news writers towards a situation/event.In the news text I found the third person plural and singular pronouns.
1. "A number of founders and former PD administrators have expressed their support for Moeldoko to become the general chairman of the DPP PD, even the presidential candidate in 2024.This shows that Moeldoko has the capacity, quality, and capability to lead the party, and even become a presidential candidate," he said.2. Rizal suspects that AHY's failure in the 2017 DKI Pilkada and the failure of a number of cadres in the 2020 Pilkada, became one of the reasons for the widespread distrust of PD under AHY's leadership.This situation could lead to the degradation of PD in the 2024 general election and local elections.
"A number of founders and former PD administrators" is a plural third person pronoun that refers to "they".Meanwhile, "Rizal suspects" is a singular third person pronoun that refers to "he".The third person pronouns "they" and "he" indicate that the statement made by the informant does not appear to be a journalist's statement, although there is a possibility that the statement submitted by the source is agreed upon by the journalist from the online media JPNN.com.Through the use of pronouns used, online media journalists JPNN.com seem to agree with support for Moeldoko to become the General Director of the Democratic Party DPP, and even the 2024 presidential candidate through a statement delivered by Ustaz H. Rizal.In addition, through different quotes, online media journalist JPNN.com also agrees with Ustaz H. Rizal's statement about AHY's failure in the 2017 DKI Pilkada and the failure of a number of cadres in the 2020 Pilkada which became one of the reasons for the spread of distrust to the Democratic Party under AHY's leadership.

Stylistic a) Lexicon
Basically, the lexicon element is used to find out a person using the available word selection.Therefore, the choice of words used cannot be said to be coincidental because ideologically it shows one's meaning of facts.The following is a vocabulary analysis of the lexicon found in the tenth paragraph.
Rizal suggested that PD should change his direction by improving his posture and political style.
The swerving vocabulary has the meaning of changing professions or changing professions.The essence of the data lexicon emphasizes the suggestion from Ustaz H. Rizal so that the Democratic Party can improve by improving its posture and political style.The suggestion from Ustaz H. Rizal indicated that the existence of internal party problems that could be detected through the issue of the coup plan for AHY's leadership meant that there was something wrong with the AHY leadership.

Rhetorical a) Graphics
Rhetoric is the style used when doing speech (speaking) which is emphasized through intonation when speaking.If in a text, language expression markers can be described with sentences in bold or italics.In addition, photos/images displayed on a news page can be translated as certain meanings that journalists/writers want to convey.

Superstructure Analysis 1. Introduction
The superstructure dimension observes the thematic which is the structure of a text or discourse consisting of an introduction, content and closing.The following is an introduction.
The chaotic issue of the coup plan for the leadership of the DPP General Chairperson of the Democratic Party, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY), is considered to signal that there is an internal irregularity in the party bearing the symbol of mercy.
The preliminary data section displays information related to the chaotic issue of the coup plan for the leadership of the General Chairperson of the Democratic Party DPP, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY).Based on the lead in the news, the online media JPNN.com wants to raise a topic that can be seen through the question What (What).The topic to be brought up is the chaotic issue of the Ketum DPP's coup plan for the Democratic Party.This topic arose because the General Chair of the Democratic Party's DPP Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY) announced that he would be 'coupled'.Then, the online media JPNN.comresponded to the coup issue by publishing the above news in Jakarta (Where: Where) on Friday, February 5, 2021 (When: When) not long after Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY) gave a statement that he would 'coupled'.However, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's statement regarding the coup received various responses, one of which was a response to the existence of signals of irregularities occurring within the Democratic Party (Why: Why).An explanation of the phenomenon that arose related to the issue of the Ketum DPP Democratic Party's coup plan (How: How) was then elaborated through statements submitted by selected sources on the online media JPNN.com.
The resource persons selected by the online media JPNN.com can be seen through the Who (Who) statement, namely Ustaz H. Rizal Maulana as Chair of the Jabodetabek Da'wah National Secretariat.When viewed before the coup issue emerged, Ustaz H. Rizal was not a person who supported Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY).On the other hand, Ustaz H. Rizal Maulana is a figure who supports Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (BTP) alias Ahok.This can be seen when Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (BTP) alias Ahok was released from prison.Through the news published by the online media detiknews on Thursday, January 24, 2019 entitled "Following the Gathering of Supporters in Kalijodo, Rizal et al.'s Story of Ahok's Diumrah", Ustaz H. Rizal Maulana gave a positive testimony to Ahok.
"My brother, he (Ahok) is a good person who fights for us, day and night.It's sad.Introduce me, Ustaz Rizal Maulana, a native Betawi child, always supports good people.people are rewarded," said Rizal at Kalijodo RTH, Jalan Scout II, Penjaringan, North Jakarta, Thursday (1/24/2019).
Through the quote from the statement, it can be concluded that Ustaz H. Maulana is one of the supporters of Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (BTP) alias Ahok.In addition, Ustaz H. Rizal Maulana is a figure who is pro with President Jokowi and even Moeldoko.This can be seen through the news published on February 12, 2020 by the online media innews.co.id entitled "Ust.Rizal Maulana: "Spreading Hoaxes for the sake of Position, Not Volunteer Mentality".
Rizal straightforwardly judged that HA's lie about the involvement of the President's son-in-law and Moeldoko in the PT ASABRI case was a vile slander with the scent of hurt and revenge because the lust for his position did not materialize.
Through the quote in the report, it can be seen that Ustaz H. Rizal is a figure who came to defend all kinds of attacks that could damage the good name of President Jokowi and Moeldoko.

2) News Content
Furthermore, the content section consists of nine paragraphs, where in each paragraph contains information related to the issue of the coup plan for the leadership of the Democratic Party DPP, namely Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY).The following is the content of the news.
1. "There are two phenomena that have arisen regarding what AHY said about the coup," said Head of the Jabodetabek Dawah National Secretariat Ustaz H. Rizal Maulana, in his statement, Friday (5/2) 2. First, said Ustaz Rizal, the public became aware that there was chaos within PD, where there were four factions who did not trust AHY's leadership as PD's chairman.3. Second, the accusation given to the Presidential Chief of Staff (KSP) Moeldoko, is a kind of 'free promotion'.Because it is said that the coup was carried out to support his candidacy as a presidential candidate in 2024.4. "A number of founders and former PD executives have expressed their support for Moeldoko to become the general chairman of the DPP PD, even the presidential candidate in 2024.This shows that Moeldoko has the capacity, quality and capability to lead the party, and even become a presidential candidate," he said.5.According to Ustaz Rizal, this is certainly a stimulant for the popularity of the former TNI commander.6.The chairman of the National Da'wah Gathering Forum further concluded that the rumors of a coup echoed by AHY actually gave rise to polemics and tended to cause more harm to the PD and himself.7. "Because problems that should have been resolved internally have become public consumption.People know that there is a problem within PD that creates factions and creates distrust of AHY's leadership," he said.8. Rizal suspects that AHY's failure in the 2017 DKI Pilkada and the failure of a number of cadres in the 2020 Pilkada, became one of the reasons for the widespread distrust of PD under AHY's leadership.This situation could lead to the degradation of PD in the 2024 general election and local elections.9. Rizal suggested that PD should change his direction by improving his posture and political style.Including restructuring to the top leadership level.In order to be able to lift the party's image from adversity that continues to erode.
The content schema section contains the opinion of Ustaz H. Rizal (Chairman of the National Dakwah Silaturrahmi Forum) as the sole resource person appointed by the online media journalist JPNN.com.The data from the nine paragraphs above presents the arrangement of information in each paragraph, namely data (1) according to the Head of the Jabodetabek Da'wah National Secretariat Ustaz H. Rizal Maulana, there are two phenomena that arise regarding what AHY said about the coup.The second paragraph provides further information from the first paragraph, namely the opinion of Ustaz H. Rizal Maulana who saw that there were two emerging phenomena related to what AHY said about the coup.The first phenomenon presented by Ustaz H. Rizal is part of the data (2).According to Ustaz H. Rizal, the public can judge that there is chaos within the Democratic Party.This is fundamental because there are four factions who do not trust AHY's leadership as the General Director of PD.The third paragraph is a continuation of Ustaz H. Rizal's opinion regarding the emerging phenomena related to what AHY said about the coup.The second phenomenon described by Ustaz H. Rizal is part of the data (3).This paragraph explains that the phenomenon of 'free promotion' was obtained by the Presidential Chief of Staff (KSP) Moeldoko because he was accused of carrying out a coup against AHY's leadership as the General Chair of the Democratic Party DPP.Moeldoko is considered to have carried out the coup to support his candidacy as a presidential candidate in 2024.The fourth and fifth paragraphs are statements from Ustaz H. Rizal which are part of the data (4) and ( 5).According to Ustaz H. Rizal, Moeldoko has received support from a number of founders and former administrators of the Democratic Party to become the chairman of the DPP PD, and even a presidential candidate in 2024.This shows that Moeldoko has the capacity, quality, and capability to lead the party, and even become a presidential candidate.Moeldoko's popularity increased because of the stimulant.
The sixth to eighth paragraphs are the conclusions drawn by Ustaz H. Rizal regarding the issue of the coup plan for the leadership of the DPP Chairman of the Democratic Party Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY).Data (6) to (8) describe the consequences that will be received by AHY for raising the issue of a coup which will only lead to polemics and tend to harm the Democratic Party and itself.In addition, the issue of the coup that should have been resolved internally but in the end has become public consumption.Thus, the public became aware that there were problems within the Democratic Party which basically stemmed from distrust of AHY's leadership.The ninth paragraph contains suggestions from Ustaz H. Rizal who is part of the data (9) to restructure to the top level in the Democratic Party.This is fundamental to lift the image of the Democratic Party from the slump that continues to erode.

3) Closing News I
At the end of the dimensional analysis of this superstructure is the closing section of the news.
1. On the other hand, Rizal appreciated the attitude of President Joko Widodo who was reluctant to respond to the issue of the coup plan for AHY's leadership.2. "Minister of State Secretary Pratikno's statement that President Jokowi will not reply to a letter requesting clarification regarding the alleged coup plot by General Ret.
The schematic section of the news cover contains Ustaz Rizal's appreciation for President Joko Widodo's refusal to respond to the issue of the coup plan for AHY's leadership.President Joko Widodo's attitude is 'minor' matters that the online media journalist JPNN.com doesn't really want to bring up.

Macro Structure Analysis
The macro structure dimension is the first text structure dimension to be observed in the study of critical discourse analysis of the Teun A. van Dijk model.The macro structure dimension observes the thematic which is a description of the theme put forward in the news entitled "The AHY Coup Issue: Democrat Ambyar, Moeldoko Wins a Lot of Popularity" which was published on February 5, 2021 by the online media JPNN.com.The following is the data for the first paragraph.
The chaotic issue of the coup plan for the leadership of the DPP General Chairperson of the Democratic Party, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY), is considered to signal that there is an internal irregularity in the party bearing the symbol of mercy.
The first data is the initial paragraph of the news that describes the internal irregularities signal of the Democratic Party through the issue of a coup plan for the leadership of the DPP Chairman of the Democratic Party, namely Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY).From the first paragraph, it can be concluded that the theme raised is a signal of the internal irregularities of the Democratic Party under the leadership of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono.The irregularity signal emerged along with the chaotic issue of a coup plan for the leadership of the General Chairperson of the Democratic Party DPP, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY).